How our brain works

The hempisheres in our brain  are the division of the cerebral cortex, the left and right sides of our brain which work together but have different areas of speciality; also known as brain lateralization. The differences between these two sides of our brain are that the left hemisphere specializes in analitical thought such as structures, discipline and rules, mathematics, categorizing, logic and rationalization, knowledge, etc., but controls the right side of our body therefore the right hempishere specializes on softer parts of life such as intuition, sensibility and fellings, emotions, day-dreaming, creativity in arts and music, relationships, etc., but controls the left side of our body.The corpus callosum is a wide, flat bundle of neural fibers beneath the cortex in the eutherian brain at the longitudinal fissure. It connects the left and right hemispheres and facilitates interhemispheric communication. It is the largest matter structure in the brain.

The Broca's area is a region of the "hominid" brain with its function is related to speech production.
The production of language  has been related to the Broca’s area since Pierre Paul Broca reported impairments in two patients. They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior "inferior frontal gyrus" of the brain. Since then, this region he identified has become known as Broca’s area.

Wernicke's area named after Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist and psychiatrist,  is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex related to speech as the Broca´s area. It is involved in the understanding of written and spoken language. It is traditionally considered to consist of the posterior section of the "superior frontal gyrus" in the dominant cerebral hemisphere which is the left hemisphere in most of the people.

Roger Sperry was who, by the results of his studies, won a noble prize in physiology or medicine in 1981. He recieved this price for his concerning to the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres. With the help of his "split brain" patients he got thorugh some experiments and for he first time in history, accureate studies about the left and right hempisheres of the brain came out. The studies of the "split brain" demonstrated that the left and right hempisheres of the brain were functional in different tasks.
In the cerebral cortex which is the major part of our brain, there are 4 different lobes as there is the left and right hemispheres. These four lobes are the parietal, the frontal, temporal and occipital. The lobe thats responsible for vision and contains the primary visual cortex is the occipital lobe. Another lobe which is responsable for heraing and language is the temporal lobe which also contains the primary auditory cortex. Than, their is the parietal lobe which contains the primary somotosensory cortex and is responsible for performing math calculations as also responsible for information related to the sense of touch. The last lobe is the frontal lobe which contains the primary motor cortex which controls muscle movement and processes judgement, reasoning and impulse control. The left frontal lobe also contains the Broca´s area.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_callosum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca's_area
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke%27s_area
http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/split-brain/background.html